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UPSC Exam Current Affairs — Part 1

March – April 2025 Current Affairs

100 original MCQs • Mar–Apr 2025 • Hard difficulty

Attempt each question first, then click Show Answer to reveal the correct option with full explanation.

Page 1 of 10 • 10 questions

Q1.The 'Global South' groupings have gained significance in multilateral diplomacy. India's simultaneous membership in which combination of groupings best reflects its 'multi-alignment' foreign policy posture?

hard

India's Foreign Policy

(A)BRICS, G20, QUAD, and SCO

(B)G7, NATO, AUKUS, and Five Eyes

(C)ASEAN, MERCOSUR, African Union, and Arab League

(D)Warsaw Pact, SEATO, CENTO, and ANZUS

Q2.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) synthesis report has major implications for India. Which of the following statements about its findings is CORRECT?

hard

Climate Change and International Agreements

(A)It concludes that global warming is primarily caused by solar activity, not human emissions

(B)It projects that limiting warming to 1.5°C requires immediate, deep greenhouse gas emission reductions across all sectors

(C)It recommends nuclear power phase-out as the primary climate solution

(D)It concludes that adaptation measures alone are sufficient to address climate risks

Q3.Article 370 abrogation and the reorganisation of J&K into two Union Territories was upheld by the Supreme Court of India in its December 2023 judgment. Which fundamental principle did the majority opinion primarily rely upon?

hard

Constitutional Law and Federalism

(A)Parliamentary sovereignty is absolute and cannot be challenged

(B)The President's power under Article 356 (President's Rule) extends to permanent constitutional restructuring

(C)The constitutional asymmetry of J&K was always temporary and Parliament could exercise sovereign authority over it

(D)India's territorial integrity supersedes all federalism principles

Q4.Consider the following about India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI). Which statement is INCORRECT?

hard

Digital Economy and Fintech

(A)UPI is managed by NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India), a not-for-profit entity

(B)UPI enables real-time interbank fund transfers using virtual payment addresses

(C)UPI transactions crossed 100 billion in a single month for the first time in 2024-25

(D)UPI is exclusively a domestic payment system with no cross-border functionality

Q5.The 'Panchamrit' targets India committed at COP26 (Glasgow, 2021) include reaching net-zero carbon emissions by which year?

hard

Climate Policy

(A)2050

(B)2060

(D)2075

Q6.Which of the following correctly describes the 'Bonn Challenge' in the context of India's environmental commitments?

hard

Environment and Conservation

(A)A commitment to reduce methane emissions by 30% by 2030

(B)A global initiative to restore 350 million hectares of degraded land by 2030

(C)India's pledge to achieve 175 GW renewable energy by 2022

(D)A UN-mandated protocol for ocean acidification reduction

Q7.The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) operates under which governmental structure, and what is its primary legal basis?

hard

Environmental Governance

(A)Ministry of Environment; Wildlife Protection Act 1972

(B)Ministry of Jal Shakti; Environment Protection Act 1986 (1986 Act notification)

(C)Ministry of Urban Development; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974

(D)Niti Aayog; National Green Tribunal Act 2010

Q8.India's per capita CO2 emissions compared to the global average — which statement correctly reflects this in the context of India's climate negotiations stance?

hard

Climate Negotiations

(A)India's per capita emissions are higher than the global average, undermining its climate negotiations position

(B)India's per capita emissions are approximately one-third of the global average, strengthening its 'equity' argument at climate talks

(C)India's per capita emissions equal the global average, giving it a neutral stance

(D)India has already achieved net-zero per capita emissions in several states

Q9.The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 recognises rights over which type of land?

hard

Tribal Rights and Forest Governance

(A)Only individual cultivation land in forest areas

(B)Community forest land, individual forest rights, and rights over minor forest produce

(C)Only gram sabha rights with no individual land rights

(D)Exclusively rights in national parks and wildlife sanctuaries

Q10.The 'Debt Sustainability Framework' for low-income countries, often debated at G20, primarily addresses which concern?

hard

Global Economic Governance

(A)Tax evasion by multinational corporations in developing countries

(B)Excessive sovereign debt accumulation that may lead to debt distress or default, particularly in Global South nations

(C)Private sector debt in developed economies after the 2008 financial crisis

(D)Climate finance gaps in emerging market economies

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