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UPSC Exam Current Affairs — Part 2

May – June 2025 Current Affairs

100 original MCQs • May–Jun 2025 • Hard difficulty

Attempt each question first, then click Show Answer to reveal the correct option with full explanation.

Page 1 of 10 • 10 questions

Q1.Operation Sindoor, conducted by India in May 2025, was primarily directed against which category of targets in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir?

hard

Internal Security & Defence

(A)Pakistan Army forward posts and artillery positions

(B)Terror infrastructure including training camps and launchpads of proscribed organisations

(C)Pakistan Air Force radar installations and airfields

(D)Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) headquarters and regional offices

Q2.The Pahalgam terror attack that preceded Operation Sindoor occurred in which specific tourist area of Jammu & Kashmir, and what made the targeting pattern analytically significant?

hard

Internal Security & Defence

(A)Gulmarg ski resort; attackers used anti-tank guided missiles

(B)Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam; targeting of civilians by religious identity verification

(C)Dal Lake houseboats in Srinagar; use of IEDs in crowded areas

(D)Sonamarg glacier region; coordinated simultaneous attacks at multiple sites

Q3.Which international legal instrument governs the notification obligations and rights of passage that became relevant when India activated its airspace restrictions during the May 2025 India-Pakistan tensions?

hard

International Relations & Law

(A)Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944) Articles 9 and 89

(B)Montreal Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation

(C)Warsaw Convention on International Carriage by Air

(D)Tokyo Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft

Q4.The ceasefire understanding reached after Operation Sindoor involved which key communication channel that has historically served as a backchannel between India and Pakistan militaries?

hard

Defence & Strategic Affairs

(A)Hotline between the Directors General of Military Operations (DGMOs)

(B)Special envoy communication routed through the United Arab Emirates

(C)Telephonic contact between National Security Advisors directly

(D)UN Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) mediation

Q5.In the context of India's counter-terror doctrine, Operation Sindoor represented an evolution over the 2019 Balakot airstrikes in which specific doctrinal dimension?

hard

Defence & Strategic Affairs

(A)Use of surface-to-surface missiles rather than aircraft-delivered munitions

(B)Targeting multiple simultaneous sites across Pakistan proper and PoK rather than a single site

(C)Formal declaration of limited war under Indian constitutional provisions

(D)Involvement of the Indian Navy in establishing a maritime blockade

Q6.The RBI Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) cut the repo rate in its June 2025 meeting. What was the cumulative repo rate reduction from the start of the 2025 easing cycle through June 2025?

hard

Economy & Banking

(A)25 basis points total (single cut in February 2025)

(B)50 basis points total (cuts in February and April 2025)

(D)100 basis points total (four consecutive cuts)

Q7.India's Q4 FY2025 (January-March 2025) GDP growth data showed which trend, and what was the primary demand driver?

hard

Economy

(A)Growth of 5.4%; primary driver was merchandise exports surge

(B)Growth of 6.5%; primary driver was private consumption recovery

(C)Growth of 7.2%; primary driver was government capital expenditure

(D)Growth of 8.1%; primary driver was manufacturing sector boom

Q8.The G7 Summit held in Kananaskis, Canada in June 2025 resulted in which significant financial commitment related to Ukraine, and what was India's position?

hard

International Relations

(A)USD 50 billion loan to Ukraine backed by frozen Russian assets; India endorsed with reservations

(B)USD 20 billion military assistance package; India abstained from endorsing

(C)Debt restructuring framework for Ukraine; India co-sponsored as observer

(D)Reparations fund of EUR 300 billion; India explicitly opposed

Q9.In May 2025, India and the United States concluded negotiations on the first tranche of a bilateral trade agreement. Which specific area was covered in this 'early harvest' deal?

hard

International Trade & Economy

(A)Digital trade, data localisation norms, and cross-border data flows

(B)Tariff reductions on select industrial goods and agricultural products

(C)Market access for Indian generic pharmaceuticals to US Medicare

(D)Defence technology transfer and co-production arrangements for fighter aircraft

Q10.The Supreme Court of India's judgment in May 2025 on the interpretation of Article 131 (original jurisdiction) clarified which disputed constitutional question?

hard

Polity & Governance

(A)Whether Article 131 jurisdiction extends to inter-state river water disputes post-formation of a tribunal

(B)Whether states can invoke Article 131 against Union legislative overreach on Concurrent List subjects

(C)Whether Article 131 allows challenges to Constitutional Amendments by state governments

(D)Whether private parties can be impleaded in Article 131 suits between Union and states

0 of 10 answers revealed on this page