UPSC Study Material

IAS / CSE — GS Prelims & Mains — Complete Notes

Comprehensive, syllabus-mapped study notes for UPSC Civil Services Examination. Covers the five major GS subjects and ten Mains optional subjects (Hindi medium) — from NCERT level to advanced Mains depth, with master tables, mind maps and PYQ-based model answers. All notes are free.

5 + 10
GS + Optional Subjects
80+
Topics Covered
Pre + Mains
Stages Covered
Free
Cost

Mains Optional Subjects

वैकल्पिक विषय — Paper I और II (250 + 250 अंक) का अध्यायवार हिंदी नोट्स, master tables, mind maps और PYQ-आधारित उत्तर।

1

Political Science & International Relations

राजनीति विज्ञान एवं अंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंध (PSIR)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

2

Anthropology

मानवशास्त्र (Anthropology)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

3

Sociology

समाजशास्त्र (Sociology)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

4

Geography

भूगोल (Geography)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

5

History

इतिहास (History)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

6

Public Administration

लोक प्रशासन (Public Administration)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

7

Philosophy

दर्शनशास्त्र (Philosophy)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

8

Mathematics

गणित (Mathematics)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

9

Economics

अर्थशास्त्र (Economics)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

10

Hindi Literature

हिंदी साहित्य (Hindi Literature)

10/10 अध्याय उपलब्ध

General Studies Notes

Click any subject to open the full study notes. Each file is self-contained — no login required.

Indian Polity & Governance

भारतीय राजव्यवस्था एवं शासन

Open Notes

Topics Covered

Constitutional FrameworkFundamental Rights & DutiesDPSPUnion ExecutiveParliamentJudiciaryFederalism & Centre-State RelationsLocal Self-GovernmentConstitutional Bodies (CAG, EC, UPSC, Finance Commission)Statutory BodiesPressure GroupsConstitutional Amendments

What's Inside

  • ✓Most-asked UPSC Prelims Polity questions
  • ✓Important constitutional articles reference
  • ✓Comparison of parliamentary vs presidential systems
  • ✓Recent judgements & their significance
In exam: 15–20 Qs in Prelims GS Paper I; Essay + GS II in Mains

History — Ancient, Medieval & Modern

इतिहास — प्राचीन, मध्यकालीन और आधुनिक

Open Notes

Topics Covered

Indus Valley CivilisationVedic AgeBuddhism & JainismMaurya EmpireGupta PeriodDelhi SultanateMughal EmpireBhakti & Sufi MovementsColonial Period — British PoliciesFreedom Movement (1857–1947)Social Reform MovementsPost-Independence Consolidation

What's Inside

  • ✓Art & culture frequently asked in Prelims
  • ✓NCERT-based coverage with extension
  • ✓Timeline of major events
  • ✓Important personalities and their contributions
In exam: 15–20 Qs Prelims GS Paper I; GS I (History, Art & Culture) in Mains

Geography — Physical & Indian

भूगोल — भौतिक एवं भारतीय

Open Notes

Topics Covered

Geomorphology (landforms, rocks, soil)Climatology (monsoon, El Niño, cyclones)OceanographyNatural Vegetation & BiomesIndian Physical FeaturesDrainage System (rivers & basins)Agriculture PatternsIndustries & ResourcesPopulation & UrbanisationTransport NetworksWorld Geography EssentialsMaps & Atlas Skills

What's Inside

  • ✓Map-based questions strategy
  • ✓Monsoon mechanism explained clearly
  • ✓Indian rivers — tributaries & origin
  • ✓Environmental geography linkage to ecology
In exam: 15–20 Qs Prelims GS Paper I; GS I (Geography) in Mains

Indian Economy

भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था

Open Notes

Topics Covered

Basic Economics ConceptsNational Income (GDP, GNP, NNP)Fiscal Policy & BudgetMonetary Policy & RBIInflation & Price IndicesBanking SectorCapital Markets & SEBIAgriculture & Green RevolutionIndustry & MSMEsTrade & Balance of PaymentsPoverty & InequalityGovernment Schemes & Welfare

What's Inside

  • ✓Economic Survey key highlights
  • ✓Budget 2024–25 provisions
  • ✓Frequently tested government schemes
  • ✓World Bank & IMF indicators for India
In exam: 10–15 Qs Prelims GS Paper I; GS III (Economy) in Mains

Environment & Ecology

पर्यावरण एवं पारिस्थितिकी

Open Notes

Topics Covered

Ecosystem BasicsBiodiversity & ConservationProtected Areas (National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves)Climate Change & Global WarmingInternational Conventions (UNFCCC, CBD, CITES, Ramsar)Pollution Types & ControlEnvironment Laws in IndiaRenewable EnergyDisaster ManagementWetlands & Coral ReefsEndangered SpeciesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

What's Inside

  • ✓International environmental treaties one-liner summary
  • ✓Species in news (IUCN Red List)
  • ✓Acts and amendments — environment law
  • ✓Climate summit outcomes (COP meetings)
In exam: 15–20 Qs Prelims GS Paper II; GS III (Environment) in Mains
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